President Donald Trump said the U.S. will work with Venezuelan Vice President Delcy Rodríguez to transition to a democratically elected government after Nicolás Maduro’s capture early Saturday, but she and other regime leaders have thus far appeared uncooperative.

Secretary of State Marco Rubio had a lengthy conversation with Rodríguez and she has agreed to help, Trump said in a news conference in Palm Beach, Florida. He claimed she had already been sworn in as president to succeed Maduro. “She’s essentially willing to do what we think is necessary to make Venezuela great again, very simple,” he said.

Minutes later, in an appearance on state television surrounded by military brass, Rodríguez called for Maduro’s return from U.S. custody, describing his capture as “barbaric” and a “kidnapping,” and saying Maduro is the country’s only president.

If Rodríguez is a willing partner, she could help the U.S. ease a transition by maintaining stability with the current institutions in Venezuela. But her long allegiance to Maduro, who is widely viewed as having stolen last year’s election, is likely to raise questions about whether she is willing to cede power — and whether the U.S. is seriously committed to regime change in the South American nation.

Rodríguez didn’t respond to requests for comment. On TV, she said that a congressional chamber was preparing an emergency decree, which could offer clues as to how the government plans to operate without Maduro. She also said Venezuela could still have “respectful relationships,” perhaps offering a path to a detente with the U.S.

Following Rodríguez’s remarks, Rubio told the New York Times that he is reserving judgment on her comments and will assess her actions. “We think they’re going to have some unique and historic opportunities to do a great service for the country, and we hope that they’ll accept that opportunity,” he told the paper.

Trump dismissed the idea of installing opposition leader María Corina Machado to guide a transition, calling her a “nice woman” who doesn’t have the support of the Venezuelan people.

Rodríguez is considered by many as the most powerful person in the country after Maduro. She is one of his closest allies, rising through the ranks in roles such as information and foreign minister, and was named oil minister in 2024 after the contested presidential vote.

Some Trump advisers have viewed a transition to Rodríguez as an off-ramp from Maduro’s hard-line regime, according to people familiar with the Trump administration’s deliberations. That view holds that a gradual transition away from Maduro’s leadership would be less disruptive and destabilizing than a transition to Machado or to Edmundo González, the candidate she backed for the 2024 election.

The view in part is that if the democratic opposition were to gain power, it would require U.S. military protection from domestic threats, both from the officials in the former Maduro regime and the paramilitaries and drug cartels that control large parts of Venezuelan territory, particularly its jungles and border regions.

Trump didn’t commit to sending U.S. troops to aid in a transition, saying only that his government would help ensure oil infrastructure was protected and improved.

Trump’s remarks contrasted with the defiant tone from government officials in Venezuela Saturday morning. State television alternated archival footage of Maduro calling for peace “with dignity” with statements of support from international allies, and remarks from regional military and civilian leaders rejecting what they described as an attack on the country. Officials repeatedly insisted that Venezuela remained calm, pledged loyalty to Maduro and his socialist agenda, and demanded proof that Maduro was alive.

“We pledged loyalty many years ago, and today more than ever we will defend it firmly and completely,” said a person identified on state TV as an official from Yaracuy state. Addressing a crowd of soldiers and civilians, the official asked, “How is morale?” The crowd replied in unison: “High. Long live Nicolás Maduro.”

Trump, on the other hand, said the military would need to fall in line.

“All political and military figures in Venezuela should understand what happened to Maduro can happen to them, and it will happen to them” if they weren’t “fair” to the Venezuelan people, he said.

Rodríguez talked Saturday to Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, whose country was among the Venezuela allies that condemned Maduro’s capture by U.S. forces.

Rodríguez, 56, has played a key role in the nation’s budget planning and has led diplomatic outreach to consolidate alliances with some of Venezuela’s biggest allies, including China and Russia. She recently pressed China to increase purchases of Venezuelan oil and provide diluents needed to keep shipments flowing amid U.S. sanctions.

She began her political career under former President Hugo Chávez after graduating as a lawyer from the Central University of Venezuela. Her father, Jorge Antonio Rodríguez, was a prominent figure on the Venezuelan radical left in the 1960s and 1970s and the founder of a Marxist party. He died in 1976 under interrogation in prison after being tortured by state security forces, an event that became a defining part of Delcy’s political narrative.

Those who have worked alongside Rodríguez often remark on her long hours, with Maduro recently saying she responded to messages well into the night and early morning.

Loyal ally

Alongside Rodríguez Saturday were the heads of the legislative branch, her brother Jorge Rodríguez; the judicial branch, Caryslia Rodríguez, and Defense Minister Vladimir Padrino López.

Jorge Rodríguez is another key figure in the regime as head of the National Assembly and one of Maduro’s closest advisers. The 60-year old psychiatrist became politically active in college, where he was a student leader, and after graduation, he transitioned into government roles.

A loyal ally of Chávez and his successor Maduro, he’s held several high-profile political posts, serving as vice president, communications minister and head of the electoral authority. He’s also acted as negotiator for the Maduro government in several rounds of talks with the US and the country’s opposition.

Despite his mediator role, Rodríguez is also known for his explosive temperament, lashing out in Congress and publicly threatening and insulting members of the opposition.

Jorge Rodríguez would be a key figure in ensuring continuity and political unity within the ruling party. He was reelected as a legislator in May 2025 and was expected to take office on Jan. 5.

Military man

Amid rumors that his home had been attacked and that he had been killed, Defense Minister Vladimir Padrino López, 62, was the first senior government official to appear in a video on social media, more than three hours after the unrest began. In the message, he urged Venezuelans to remain calm, backed President Maduro’s declaration of a state of emergency, and said national defense measures would be activated to restore order and stability.

Padrino has been Venezuela’s defense minister since October 2014, making him one of the longest-serving officials in the government. He was appointed during a tense period marked by large anti-government protests, when Maduro was seeking to strengthen control over the armed forces and secure loyalty at the highest levels. A career army officer trained in Venezuela’s traditional military system, Padrino was seen as a figure capable of keeping the military united as the country’s political and economic crisis worsened.

During Padrino’s time in office, the armed forces have taken on roles far beyond national defense. The military now oversees important parts of the economy, including food distribution, ports, mining, and oil-related logistics. This expansion has tied senior officers more closely to the government’s survival, giving the military a direct stake in maintaining the current political system.

Padrino has consistently supported Maduro during major moments of unrest, including the 2017 protests, the 2019 challenge following international recognition of Juan Guaidó as interim president, and repeated reports of unrest within the military. He has been sanctioned by the US and other governments, which accuse him of backing authoritarian rule, human rights abuses, and corruption. The US has offered a $15 million reward for information leading to his capture.

Venezuela’s interior minister, Diosdado Cabello, also appeared on state television early Saturday to urge calm and call for international attention to what he called attacks on areas inhabited by civilians.

“What they tried to do with bombs and missiles, they achieved partially,” he said, questioning whether the international community would “become accomplices to this massacre.”

Coup participant

Cabello, 62, is the government’s socialist party strongman, controlling loyalists and followers across the country, as well as heading prisons, police and intelligence forces, which the United Nations has said enabled crimes against humanity.

As an army lieutenant, Cabello was part of a handful of young officials led by Chávez responsible for a 1992 coup attempt. After Chávez was elected president, Cabello was appointed to key posts, including minister of housing and telecommunications, head of the National Assembly, and governor of Miranda state.

Cabello was a key figure in furthering government controls over the free press and the persecution of politicians, journalists and human rights activists. The US accused Cabello of narco-trafficking and terrorism in 2018. He’s charged in a Southern District of New York federal indictment with conspiracy to commit narco-terrorism. In 2025 the State Department announced it was raising a reward for information leading to Cabello’s capture to as much as $25 million.

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